What Is a Multi Axis Force and Torque Sensor and How Does It Differ from Single-Axis Solutions?

A multi axis force and torque sensor is a precision measurement device designed to detect forces and moments acting on an object in multiple directions simultaneously. Unlike conventional sensors that measure force along only one direction, multi axis force and torque sensors provide a complete and accurate representation of complex mechanical interactions, making them essential in advanced industrial and robotic applications.

What Is a Multi Axis Force and Torque Sensor?

A multi axis force and torque sensor measures both linear forces and rotational moments applied to a structure. The most common configuration is the six-axis force and torque sensor, which can simultaneously detect forces along three orthogonal axes—Fx, Fy, and Fz—and moments around those axes—Mx, My, and Mz. This six-degree-of-freedom measurement capability allows engineers to precisely monitor how loads are applied in real-world conditions.

Measurable Dimensions: Fx, Fy, Fz, Mx, My, Mz

• Fx, Fy, and Fz represent linear forces acting along the X, Y, and Z axes.

• Mx, My, and Mz represent torque, or rotational moments, generated by those forces around the corresponding axes.

By capturing all six components at the same time, a multi axis force and torque sensor can accurately describe contact forces, tool interaction forces, and complex load states that cannot be resolved using single-axis measurements alone.

Difference Between Multi-Axis and Single-Axis or Dual-Axis Sensors

Single-axis force sensors are designed to measure force in only one direction. While they are simple, cost-effective, and suitable for basic load monitoring, they cannot detect off-axis forces or any torque components.

Dual-axis sensors improve upon this by measuring forces in two directions. However, they still lack the ability to capture complete spatial force and moment information.

In contrast, multi axis force and torque sensors offer:

• Simultaneous measurement of multiple force and torque components

• Higher accuracy under complex load conditions

• Better system integration for robotic force control and precision assembly

• Reduced need for multiple separate sensors

Applications and Value

Multi axis force and torque sensors are widely used in robotic arms, automated assembly lines, precision polishing systems, medical devices, and human–machine interaction equipment. Their ability to provide complete force feedback enables safer operation, improved process control, and higher overall product quality.

At Shenzhen Ligent Sensor Tech Co., Ltd., advanced multi axis force and torque sensor solutions are developed to meet the growing demands of robotics, automation, and intelligent manufacturing, delivering reliable performance, precise measurement, and stable long-term operation.